Packaging Integrity Testing with ASTM D3078 Leak Testing Procedure

1. Prepare the Equipment
Use a transparent vacuum chamber equipped with:

• Vacuum-tight lid
• Vacuum gauge
• Inlet/outlet tubes with valves
• Internal transparent plate
• Chamber filled with test fluid (usually water)

2. Conditioning
Ensure both the test specimen and the fluid are at room temperature to avoid condensation or fluid distortion during testing.

3. Sample Selection
Select a representative number of flexible packaging specimens, either empty or filled. The quantity can vary based on product type, cost, and production conditions.

4. Submersion
Submerge the package(s) completely under at least 25 mm (1 inch) of test fluid. Multiple small packages may be tested simultaneously if clearly visible.

5. Apply Vacuum
Close the outlet valve and begin applying vacuum slowly (~1 in. Hg/s) until the desired vacuum level is reached. This vacuum level must be sufficient to detect small leaks without damaging the sample.

6. Observe for Leaks
During vacuum rise and holding phase (usually 30 seconds), watch for a continuous stream of bubbles indicating leakage. Isolated bubbles from trapped air are not considered failures.

7. Evaluate Sample
Release the vacuum and check for fluid ingress inside the package. Any internal fluid or observed bubbles from seal areas confirm a failed sample.

8. Report Results
Document the vacuum level, duration, observations, number of specimens, and number of failures. Identify the test fluid and any abnormalities such as excessive expansion.